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Adams County – Government Finance

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Government finances play a pivotal role in shaping the local economy, influencing economic growth, stability, and the overall well-being of communities. The impact of government finances on the local economy can be analyzed through several key mechanisms, including public spending, taxation, debt management, and fiscal policies. These elements collectively determine the flow of resources, the level of economic activity, and the quality of life for residents.

  1. Public Spending and Investment One of the most direct ways government finances affect the local economy is through public spending. Governments allocate funds to infrastructure projects, education, healthcare, public safety, and social services. These investments create jobs, stimulate demand for goods and services, and enhance the productivity of the local workforce. For instance, building roads, bridges, and public transportation systems not only provides immediate employment opportunities but also improves connectivity, reducing transportation costs for businesses and facilitating trade. Similarly, investments in education and healthcare contribute to a skilled and healthy workforce, which is essential for long-term economic growth.

  2. Taxation Policies Taxation is another critical component of government finances that impacts the local economy. Taxes fund public services and infrastructure, but they also influence the behavior of individuals and businesses. High tax rates can discourage investment and consumption, potentially stifling economic growth. Conversely, low tax rates may attract businesses and stimulate spending but can lead to budget deficits if not managed properly. Progressive taxation, where higher-income individuals pay a larger share, can reduce income inequality and increase disposable income for lower-income households, boosting local demand for goods and services.

  3. Debt Management Government borrowing and debt management also have significant implications for the local economy. When governments borrow to finance deficits or invest in long-term projects, they can stimulate economic activity in the short term. However, excessive debt can lead to higher interest rates, crowding out private investment, and increasing the risk of financial instability. Effective debt management ensures that borrowing is sustainable and that funds are used efficiently to generate economic returns.

  4. Fiscal Policies Fiscal policies, including government spending and taxation, are tools used to manage economic cycles. During economic downturns, expansionary fiscal policies, such as increased spending and tax cuts, can stimulate demand and help the economy recover. Conversely, during periods of high inflation, contractionary fiscal policies, such as reduced spending and higher taxes, can help cool down the economy. The timing and effectiveness of these policies are crucial in stabilizing the local economy and maintaining public confidence.

  5. Social and Economic Equity Government finances also play a role in promoting social and economic equity. Redistributive policies, such as social welfare programs and subsidies, can reduce poverty and inequality, leading to a more inclusive economy. By providing a safety net for vulnerable populations, governments can ensure that all residents have access to basic needs, which in turn supports overall economic stability and growth.

  6. Conclusion In summary, government finances have a profound impact on the local economy through public spending, taxation, debt management, and fiscal policies. Effective management of these financial tools can stimulate economic growth, reduce inequality, and enhance the quality of life for residents. Conversely, poor financial management can lead to economic instability, reduced investment, and social unrest. Therefore, it is essential for governments to adopt prudent fiscal policies and ensure that financial resources are allocated efficiently and equitably to support sustainable economic development.

A key indicator for comparison is how much government collects, spends and and establishes debt for each resident under its perview.

The revenue per resident at the local level is:

4,960.51

The expenses per resident at the local level is:

5,134.15

The outstanding debt per resident at the local level is:

3,770.21

 
AdamsPennsylvaniaNational



LocalLocalLocalLocalStateState
PerContri-PerContri-PerContri-
LocalPer CentStatePer CentCapitabutionNationalPer CentCapitabutionCapitabution
Description(,000's)Per Capitato Total(,000's)Per Capitato TotalIndexIndex(,000's)Per Capitato TotalIndexIndexIndexIndex

Revenue527,2774,960.51100.0080,748,6456,163.10100.000.801.002,344,548,4806,947.35100.000.711.000.891.00

  General revenue502,4924,727.3395.3077,690,0065,929.6596.210.800.992,168,968,4006,427.0792.510.741.030.921.04

    Intergovernmental revenue227,9592,144.5943.2334,261,1392,614.9642.430.821.02808,559,1482,395.9234.490.901.251.091.23
      From Federal government31,900300.116.055,287,045403.536.550.740.92146,274,793433.446.240.690.970.931.05
      From State government196,0591,844.4837.1828,974,0942,211.4335.880.831.04662,284,3551,962.4828.250.941.321.131.27
      From local government00.000.0000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.00

    General revenue from own sources274,5332,582.7552.0743,428,8673,314.6853.780.780.971,360,409,2524,031.1558.020.640.900.820.93
      Taxes229,9472,163.2943.6132,670,0912,493.5340.460.871.08894,124,7052,649.4638.140.821.140.941.06
        Property171,9321,617.5032.6122,258,3731,698.8627.570.951.18627,434,2421,859.2126.760.871.220.911.03
        Sales & gross receipts3,77735.530.721,527,424116.581.890.300.38165,801,503491.307.070.070.100.240.27
          General sales4274.020.081,010,64677.141.250.050.06125,994,306373.355.370.010.020.210.23
          Selective sales3,35031.520.64516,77839.440.640.800.9939,807,197117.961.700.270.370.330.38
            Motor fuel sales00.000.0000.000.000.000.001,892,6875.610.080.000.000.000.00
            Alcoholic beverage sales00.000.0036,8862.820.050.000.00845,0352.500.040.000.001.121.27
            Tobacco product sales00.000.0000.000.000.000.00318,8170.940.010.000.000.000.00
            Public utilities1010.950.0217,4201.330.020.710.8915,744,64746.650.670.020.030.030.03
            Other selective sales3,24930.570.62462,47235.300.570.871.0821,006,01162.240.900.490.690.570.64
        Individual income tax43,739411.498.305,895,638449.987.300.911.1444,730,192132.541.913.104.353.393.83
        Corporate income tax00.000.00746,17156.950.920.000.0011,009,92732.620.470.000.001.751.97
        Motor vehicle license00.000.0000.000.000.000.002,263,6136.710.100.000.000.000.00
        Other taxes10,49998.771.992,242,485171.162.780.580.7242,885,228127.081.830.781.091.351.52

      Charges & misc general revenue44,586419.468.4610,758,776821.1613.320.510.63466,284,5471,381.6919.890.300.430.590.67
        Current charges28,648269.515.438,558,069653.1910.600.410.51365,048,3361,081.7115.570.250.350.600.68
          Education2,39122.490.45598,57645.690.740.490.6119,143,89456.730.820.400.560.810.91
            Institution of higher education00.000.00342,11726.110.420.000.007,681,25722.760.330.000.001.151.29
            School lunch sales (gross)8588.070.1680,6146.150.101.311.631,566,4414.640.071.742.441.331.49
          Hospitals00.000.0033,7082.570.040.000.00124,953,811370.265.330.000.000.010.01
          Highways1921.810.04224,56217.140.280.110.1310,287,28930.480.440.060.080.560.63
          Air transportation (airports)00.000.00521,31739.790.650.000.0022,414,40266.420.960.000.000.600.68
          Parking facilities1,14410.760.22412,38931.480.510.340.422,924,3498.670.121.241.743.634.09
          Sea and inland port facilities00.000.0019,4881.490.020.000.004,760,82614.110.200.000.000.110.12
          Natural resources00.000.003,4740.270.000.000.002,531,1967.500.110.000.000.040.04
          Parks and recreation5475.150.10176,75813.490.220.380.479,708,20828.770.410.180.250.470.53
          Housing and comm development5325.000.10292,70322.340.360.220.287,308,73521.660.310.230.321.031.16
          Sewerage15,115142.202.873,046,295232.513.770.610.7668,695,647203.562.930.700.981.141.29
          Solid waste management4674.390.09780,40159.560.970.070.0921,694,93864.290.930.070.100.931.04
          Other charges8,26077.711.572,448,398186.873.030.420.5270,625,041209.283.010.370.520.891.01

        Miscellaneous general revenue15,938149.943.022,200,707167.972.730.891.11101,236,211299.984.320.500.700.560.63
          Interest earnings1,23511.620.23337,09425.730.420.450.5610,227,01630.300.440.380.540.850.96
          Special assessments2352.210.04111,8858.540.140.260.3215,026,42544.530.640.050.070.190.22
          Sale of property1,50814.190.29226,66917.300.280.821.023,784,73711.210.161.271.771.541.74
          Other general revenue12,960121.922.461,525,059116.401.891.051.3072,198,033213.943.080.570.800.540.61

  Utility revenue24,785233.174.703,058,639233.453.791.001.24173,592,043514.397.400.450.630.450.51
    Water supply7,19767.711.361,826,972139.442.260.490.6080,167,107237.553.420.290.400.590.66
    Electric power40.040.00193,93114.800.240.000.0078,135,733231.533.330.000.000.060.07
    Gas supply00.000.00655,33550.020.810.000.007,630,12322.610.330.000.002.212.49
    Transit17,584165.433.33382,40129.190.475.677.047,659,08022.700.337.2910.211.291.45

  Liquor store revenue00.000.0000.000.000.000.001,988,0375.890.080.000.000.000.00

  Insurance trust revenue00.000.0000.000.000.000.00162,8580.480.010.000.000.000.00
    Unemployment compensation00.000.0000.000.000.000.00162,8580.480.010.000.000.000.00
    Employee retirement00.000.0000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.00
    Workers' compensation00.000.0000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.00
    Other insurance trust revenue00.000.0000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.00

Expenditure545,7345,134.15100.0079,370,6836,057.92100.000.851.002,254,418,5176,680.28100.000.771.000.911.00

  Intergovernmental expenditure00.000.0000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.00
  Direct expenditure545,7345,134.15100.0079,370,6836,057.92100.000.851.002,254,418,5176,680.28100.000.771.000.911.00
    Current operation486,4984,576.8789.1569,406,8895,297.4487.450.861.021,887,390,8875,592.7083.720.821.060.951.04
    Capital outlay46,490437.378.527,210,313550.329.080.790.94284,581,195843.2712.620.520.670.650.72
      Construction46,490437.378.527,210,313550.329.080.790.94284,581,195843.2712.620.520.670.650.72
    Assistance and subsidies00.000.0024,9661.910.030.000.002,376,9447.040.110.000.000.270.30
    Interest on debt12,746119.912.342,728,515208.253.440.580.6880,069,491237.263.550.510.660.880.97
    Insurance benefits and repayments00.000.0000.000.000.000.0039,9940.120.000.000.000.000.00
    Exhibit: salaries & wages191,0311,797.1835.0023,398,2131,785.8629.481.011.19525,546,0041,557.2923.311.151.501.151.26

  Direct expenditure by function545,7345,134.15100.0079,370,6836,057.92100.000.851.002,254,418,5176,680.28100.000.771.000.911.00
    Direct general expenditure491,7474,626.2590.1174,189,1005,662.4493.470.820.962,024,660,7925,999.4689.810.771.000.941.04
      Capital outlay34,984329.126.415,933,320452.867.480.730.86233,677,777692.4310.370.480.620.650.72


Education services:
      Other direct general expenditure456,7634,297.1383.7068,255,7805,209.5886.000.820.971,790,983,0155,307.0379.440.811.050.981.08
      Education350,2443,295.0264.1836,704,5342,801.4546.241.181.39862,837,2522,556.7538.271.291.681.101.21
          Capital outlay27,795261.495.092,836,025216.463.571.211.4389,314,081264.653.960.991.290.820.90
        Higher education00.000.001,143,83087.301.440.000.0046,067,730136.512.040.000.000.640.71
          Capital outlay00.000.00105,7738.070.130.000.005,394,84215.990.240.000.000.510.56
        Elementary & Secondary education350,2443,295.0264.1835,535,7382,712.2544.771.211.43814,392,5782,413.2036.121.371.781.121.24
          Capital outlay27,795261.495.092,730,252208.383.441.251.4883,919,239248.673.721.051.370.840.92
        Other education00.000.0024,9661.910.030.000.002,376,9447.040.110.000.000.270.30
      Libraries260.240.00191,98514.650.240.020.0213,625,82240.380.600.010.010.360.40


Social services and income maintenance:
      Public welfare9,88993.031.814,980,041380.106.270.240.2967,699,317200.613.000.460.601.892.09
        Other public welfare9,88993.031.814,980,041380.106.270.240.2967,699,317200.613.000.460.601.892.09
      Hospitals00.000.005,2900.400.010.000.00141,312,054418.736.270.000.000.000.00
        Capital outlay00.000.003,5870.270.000.000.006,546,84619.400.290.000.000.010.02
      Health6,52961.421.203,935,563300.384.960.200.2477,108,561228.493.420.270.351.311.45
      Social insurance administration00.000.0000.000.000.000.0035,9470.110.000.000.000.000.00
      Veterans' services00.000.0000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.00

Transportaion:
      Highways16,922159.203.102,918,172222.733.680.710.8482,616,882244.813.660.650.850.911.00
        Capital outlay3,03428.540.56613,66646.840.770.610.7230,060,50189.081.330.320.420.530.58
      Air transportation (airports)00.000.00875,19266.801.100.000.0028,556,24984.621.270.000.000.790.87
      Parking facilities3052.870.06229,40217.510.290.160.192,108,1706.250.090.460.602.803.09
      Sea and inland port facilities00.000.0078,1575.970.100.000.004,034,90811.960.180.000.000.500.55

Public safety:
      Police protection13,185124.042.423,286,140250.814.140.490.58119,298,947353.515.290.350.460.710.78
      Fire protection3,05228.710.561,062,01881.061.340.350.4264,033,823189.742.840.150.200.430.47
      Correction12,681119.302.321,615,994123.342.040.971.1432,595,24396.591.451.241.611.281.41
        Capital outlay2712.550.0533,0802.520.041.011.19915,2972.710.040.941.220.931.03
      Protective inspection & regulation4584.310.08177,05813.510.220.320.387,062,87020.930.310.210.270.650.71

Environment and housing:
      Natural resources3,55833.470.65231,67617.680.291.892.2313,342,66139.540.590.851.100.450.49
        Capital outlay00.000.0012,9170.990.020.000.004,485,96313.290.200.000.000.070.08
      Parks and recreation4,83245.460.89851,62665.001.070.700.8343,717,263129.541.940.350.460.500.55
        Capital outlay3082.900.06189,25714.440.240.200.2410,096,60129.920.450.100.130.480.53
      Housing and comm development4,03137.920.742,447,964186.843.080.200.2458,336,344172.862.590.220.291.081.19
      Sewerage8,82283.001.623,047,171232.573.840.360.4268,504,527202.993.040.410.531.151.26
        Capital outlay3983.740.07682,62152.100.860.070.0823,319,98269.101.030.050.070.750.83
      Solid waste management4724.440.091,010,07177.091.270.060.0728,653,83084.911.270.050.070.911.00
        Capital outlay00.000.0052,9754.040.070.000.001,863,1165.520.080.000.000.730.81

Governmental administration:
      Financial administration6,25658.861.15519,92239.680.661.481.7523,707,42470.251.050.841.090.560.62
      Judicial and legal16,945159.413.101,677,008128.002.111.251.4727,887,73782.641.241.932.511.551.71
      General public buildings4,61443.410.85969,60674.001.220.590.6913,643,40540.430.611.071.401.832.02
      Other governmental administration10,38797.721.901,678,433128.112.110.760.9037,267,357110.431.650.881.151.161.28
      Interest on general debt12,239115.142.242,414,711184.303.040.620.7466,807,524197.962.960.580.760.931.03

General expenditures, n.e.c.:
      Misc commercial activities160.150.0011,2120.860.010.180.212,707,8798.020.120.020.020.110.12
      Other and unallocable6,28459.121.153,270,154249.594.120.240.28137,158,796406.436.080.150.190.610.68

Utility expenditures:
    Utility expenditure53,987507.909.895,181,583395.486.531.281.52228,078,201675.8410.120.750.980.590.65
        Capital outlay11,506108.252.111,276,99397.471.611.111.3150,897,505150.822.260.720.930.650.71
      Water supply10,30596.951.892,009,177153.352.530.630.7582,479,587244.403.660.400.520.630.69
      Electric power00.000.00152,52211.640.190.000.0073,696,368218.383.270.000.000.050.06
      Gas supply30.030.00422,59332.250.530.000.007,182,24421.280.320.000.001.521.67
      Transit43,679410.928.002,597,291198.243.272.072.4564,720,002191.782.872.142.791.031.14

Liquor store expenditures:
    Liquor store expenditure00.000.0000.000.000.000.001,679,5244.980.070.000.000.000.00

Insurance trust expenditures:
    Insurance trust expenditure00.000.0000.000.000.000.0039,9940.120.000.000.000.000.00
      Unemployment compensation00.000.0000.000.000.000.0039,9940.120.000.000.000.000.00
      Employee retirement00.000.0000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.00
      Workers' compensation00.000.0000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.00
      Other insurance trust00.000.0000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.00

Debt outstanding400,7553,770.21100.0067,344,5625,140.04100.000.731.002,042,775,1706,053.14100.000.621.000.851.00

  Short-term debt outstanding1,22711.540.31161,60212.330.240.941.2828,356,92884.031.390.140.220.150.17
  Long-term debt outstanding399,5283,758.6799.6967,182,9605,127.7099.760.731.002,014,418,2425,969.1198.610.631.010.861.01

Long-term debt issued38,271NANA9,595,754NANANANA264,717,314NANANANANANA
Long-term debt retired33,392NANA8,424,188NANANANA218,916,559NANANANANANA


Sources: STI: PopStats and STI: Colossus